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Global Crypto Atlas

🇧🇷 Brazil

Regulation
Level 4 · 100/100
Evidence coverage
18/18
Last checked
31/10/2026
Last regulatory change
25/09/2026
Sources checked
10

Regulatory status

Legal framework (Law 14,478/2022) regulated by the Central Bank from 02/02/2026 (BCB Resolutions 519, 520 and 521).

Exchanges / VASPs

Virtual-asset service companies require authorization from the Central Bank (BCB Res. 519/2025; procedures in BCB NI 704/2026).

Taxes

Individuals: assets in Brazil exempt for disposals of up to R$ 35,000/month and taxed at progressive rates above that; assets abroad taxed at 15% in the annual return (Law 14,754/2023). Details in the Tax Radar.

Reporting

Annual return (Group 08 of 'Bens e Direitos') and DeCripto (IN RFB 2,291/2025) from 01/07/2026.

Self-custody

For income tax, under self-custody the taxpayer's residence determines where the asset is located (IRPF 2026 Q&A).

Stablecoins

Defined and regulated in BCB Resolution 520/2025; foreign-exchange operations in BCB Resolution 521/2025.

DeFi

Treatment for reporting purposes in DeCripto (decentralized platform, smart contract). No rule regulating the activity was found.

Tokenization / RWA

CVM: Guidance Opinion 40/2022. Receita Federal: tokens linked to real assets declared under code 99.

CBDC

Unconfirmed data, not displayed.

AML / KYC

Providers covered by Law 9,613/1998 (through Law 14,478/2022) and AML/CFT policies required by BCB Resolution 520/2025.

Consumer protection

Asset segregation and risk disclosure required by BCB Resolution 520/2025.

CBDC

Digital Real Platform Pilot Project (Piloto RD), BCB Resolution No. 315/2023. ↗

Crypto adoption

Chainalysis Global Crypto Adoption Index 2025: 5th overall (2025)

Who regulates?

Main rules

RuleNo.DateEffectiveOfficial source
Law14,47821/12/2022Unconfirmed dataSee original data ↗
Decree11,56313/06/2023Unconfirmed dataSee original data ↗
Law14,75412/12/2023Taxation of assets abroad from 01/01/2024See original data ↗
BCB Resolution519, 520 and 52110/11/202502/02/2026 (521: also 04/05/2026)See original data ↗
Receita Federal Normative Instruction2,29114/11/202501/07/2026See original data ↗
BCB Resolution58923/09/202601/10/2026 e 01/01/2027See original data ↗

GCRI · Global Crypto Regulation Index

Evidence

How we calculate

  • Legal framework

    20/20
    • A statute or regulation with force of law, specific to virtual assets/crypto assets, published and in force. (12 points)Law No. 14,478/2022 (guidelines for the provision of virtual-asset services) · National Congress · 21/12/2022 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗ · Metadata checked against the Senate's Federal Legislation database.
    • The rule defines virtual asset/crypto asset or refers to an official definition. (4 points)BCB Resolution No. 520/2025 (defines fiat-referenced virtual assets and refers to Law 14,478) · Central Bank of Brazil · 10/11/2025 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗
    • A rule designates the competent authority to regulate and supervise the sector. (4 points)Decree No. 11,563/2023 (assigns powers to the Central Bank of Brazil) · Presidency of the Republic · 13/06/2023 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗

  • Licensing / supervision

    15/15
    • Virtual-asset service providers need authorization, a license or registration to operate. (10 points)BCB Resolution No. 519/2025 (authorization procedures for virtual-asset service companies) · Central Bank of Brazil · 10/11/2025 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗
    • A rule in force sets out the authorization procedure. (5 points)BCB Normative Instruction No. 704/2026 (procedures and documents for authorization requests) · Central Bank of Brazil · 29/01/2026 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗

  • Consumer protection

    10/10
    • A rule requires segregation between the firm's assets and clients' assets. (5 points)BCB Resolution No. 520/2025 (segregation between the provider's assets and clients' assets) · Central Bank of Brazil · 10/11/2025 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗
    • A rule requires risk disclosure to clients. (5 points)BCB Resolution No. 520/2025 (risk disclosure to clients or users and ways of mitigating risks) · Central Bank of Brazil · 10/11/2025 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗

  • AML / KYC

    10/10
    • Providers are covered by anti-money-laundering legislation. (6 points)Law No. 14,478/2022 (brings virtual-asset service providers under Law 9,613/1998) · National Congress · 21/12/2022 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗
    • A rule requires AML/CFT policies and controls from providers (including client identification). (4 points)BCB Resolution No. 520/2025 (prevention of money laundering and terrorist financing in the provider's policies) · Central Bank of Brazil · 10/11/2025 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗

  • Stablecoins

    10/10
    • A rule defines stablecoins / tokens referenced to a currency or asset. (4 points)BCB Resolution No. 520/2025 ("fiat-referenced virtual asset (stablecoin)") · Central Bank of Brazil · 10/11/2025 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗
    • A rule sets specific rules for issuing, offering or operating with stablecoins. (6 points)BCB Resolution No. 520/2025 (rules on reserve assets and stablecoin operations) and BCB Resolution No. 521/2025 (operations in the foreign-exchange market) · Central Bank of Brazil · 10/11/2025 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗

  • Taxation

    10/10
    • The tax authority publishes an official rule or guidance on gains from crypto assets. (6 points)IRPF 2026 Q&A, question 653 (gains on the disposal of crypto assets) · Receita Federal (Federal Revenue Service) · 23/04/2026 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗
    • There is an obligation to report crypto-asset operations to the tax authority. (4 points)IN RFB No. 2,291/2025 (DeCripto), in force from 01/07/2026 · Receita Federal (Federal Revenue Service) · 14/11/2025 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗

  • Custody

    5/5
    • A rule addresses the custody of virtual assets/private keys by providers. (5 points)BCB Resolution No. 520/2025 (safekeeping and protection of private keys and other control instruments for virtual assets) · Central Bank of Brazil · 10/11/2025 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗

  • DeFi / Web3

    5/5
    • A rule or official guidance expressly addresses decentralized finance or smart contracts. (5 points)DeCripto Manual (IN RFB 2,291/2025, art. 9, sole paragraph): "Decentralized Platform" and atomic contractual composability through smart contracts · Receita Federal (Federal Revenue Service) · 01/08/2026 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗ · Treatment for reporting purposes, not regulation of the activity.

  • Tokenization / RWA

    5/5
    • A rule or official guidance addresses tokens linked to real assets or tokenized securities. (5 points)CVM Guidance Opinion 40/2022 (crypto assets and the securities market); IRPF 2026 Q&A, question 473 (tokens linked to real assets) · CVM / Receita Federal · 11/10/2022 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗

  • Institutional clarity

    10/10
    • The division of responsibilities between authorities is defined in a rule. (5 points)Decree No. 11,563/2023 (powers of the Central Bank); CVM Guidance Opinion 40 (CVM jurisdiction over crypto assets that are securities) · Presidency / CVM · 13/06/2023 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗
    • An authority publicly discloses a register of, or acts concerning, authorized providers or providers seeking authorization. (5 points)BCB Notice No. 46,205/2026 (discloses the managers of a virtual-asset service company in the authorization process) · Central Bank of Brazil · 29/10/2026 · Primary source · Last checked: 31/10/2026 · See original data ↗

Change history