DeCripto

What is DeCripto?

It is Brazil's Crypto-Asset Declaration (Declaração de Criptoativos), created by Receita Federal Normative Instruction (IN RFB) No. 2,291/2025. From 1 July 2026 it replaces the reporting system of IN RFB No. 1,888/2019 and follows the OECD reporting standard (Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework, CARF), used for the automatic exchange of information between tax administrations.

"the Receita Federal Normative Instruction deals exclusively with data collection; the taxation of crypto assets is not addressed in the act." (Receita Federal, news release of 17/03/2026, free translation)

Information date: 31/10/2026

Who has to file?

The DeCripto Manual sets out three filing layouts: (1) crypto-asset service providers ("exchanges"); (2) individuals and companies that used a crypto-asset service provider based abroad; (3) individuals and companies that did not use any crypto-asset service provider.

Information date: 31/10/2026

Is there a minimum amount for individuals to file?

Secondary sources report a threshold of R$ 35,000.00 per month for operations through foreign exchanges and operations without an intermediary. Democracia Lab has not yet re-read the full text of IN RFB No. 2,291/2025 at the primary source. Under the previous regime (IN 1,888/2019), the IRPF 2026 Q&A records a threshold of R$ 30,000.00 per month.

Information date: 31/10/2026

Which operations are reported?

According to the Manual's table of operation codes (art. 6 of IN 2,291/2025): I purchase and sale; II exchange (swap) between reportable crypto assets; III transfer into the user's account or wallet not arising from a purchase, sale or swap; IV transfer out of the user's account or wallet not arising from those operations; V purchase of goods or services above the equivalent of US$ 50,000; VI transfer to a wallet not linked to a crypto-asset service provider; VII involuntary loss; VIII primary distribution of an asset-referenced crypto asset; IX redemption of the underlying asset of an asset-referenced crypto asset.

Information date: 31/10/2026

When to file, and what is the deadline?

The start date of 1 July 2026 is confirmed at a primary source. The frequency and filing deadline of DeCripto are set out in IN 2,291/2025, whose full text has not yet been re-read at the primary source. Under the previous regime, the deadline was the last business day of the month following the operations (IRPF 2026 Q&A).

Information date: 31/10/2026

Do Brazilian exchanges report?

Yes. Chapter 4 of the Manual sets out the layout of the file to be submitted by the crypto-asset service provider ("exchange"), identifying the client, the operations and the persons reportable for CARF purposes.

Information date: 31/10/2026

What if I use a foreign exchange?

Chapter 5 of the Manual sets out the layout for individuals and companies that used a crypto-asset service provider based abroad. The minimum amount for this obligation is being verified (see the item on the threshold).

Information date: 31/10/2026

And operations without an exchange?

Chapter 6 of the Manual sets out the layout for individuals and companies that did not use a crypto-asset service provider, with the same record types (purchase, sale, swap, transfers, purchases of goods above US$ 50,000 and involuntary loss).

Information date: 31/10/2026

How does self-custody work?

For DeCripto, moving assets from an exchange to a wallet not linked to a service provider is a reportable operation (code VI). For income tax, the IRPF 2026 Q&A states that, under self-custody in private wallets, the taxpayer's residence determines whether the asset is located in Brazil or abroad.

Information date: 31/10/2026

What about DeFi?

The Manual provides the identification type "Decentralized Platform" for the counterparty and Record 0980 (Atomic Contractual Composability): for a set of operations executed indivisibly by a smart contract, the user may report the transaction hash and the block explorer address, under the sole paragraph of art. 9 of IN 2,291/2025. The tax treatment of DeFi is not addressed in DeCripto.

Information date: 31/10/2026

What about stablecoins?

DeCripto provides specific operations for asset-referenced crypto assets: primary distribution (code VIII) and redemption of the underlying asset (code IX). In the annual IRPF return, stablecoins have their own code (Group 08, code 03).

Information date: 31/10/2026

What about staking?

Staking income appears as an incoming transfer type to be reported (BR code 2, CARF502). The tax treatment of staking is not addressed in DeCripto.

Information date: 31/10/2026

What about DeFi loans?

Borrowing crypto assets (CARF504), return of collateral (CARF507), loan repayment (CARF602) and collateral deposit (CARF603) appear as transfer types to be reported.

Information date: 31/10/2026

What about bridges?

Situation not expressly clarified by the official source consulted. The Manual does not use the term "bridge"; it may fall under transfers or swaps, but that reading is not in the official source.

Information date: 31/10/2026

What about swaps?

A swap between reportable crypto assets is a reportable operation (code II, Record 0210). For income tax, see "Swap / exchange between crypto assets" under Crypto tax.

Information date: 31/10/2026

What about NFTs?

Situation not expressly clarified by the official source consulted as regards DeCripto: the Manual uses the concept of "reportable crypto asset" without dealing with NFTs in a separate item. In the annual IRPF return, NFTs have their own code (Group 08, code 10).

Information date: 31/10/2026

What about tokenization / RWA?

DeCripto provides for primary distribution and redemption of asset-referenced crypto assets (codes VIII and IX). In the IRPF return, tokens linked to real assets or rights over receivables are reported under code 99 (Group 08), according to the IRPF 2026 Q&A.

Information date: 31/10/2026